Kubalulekile ukwazi isebenza njani i-intanethi Kuba yinkonzo ebaluleke kakhulu namhlanje, oku kuyakuyivumela ukuba isekwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye isetyenziswe ngeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo, ibonisa uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nenkqubela phambili te knoloji, echazwe kweli nqaku.
Isebenza njani i-intanethi?
Inkonzo ye-intanethi yenziwe sisixa semithombo ephezulu, kubandakanya into eyaziwa ngokuba yi I-adress ye-IP evumela iikhompyuter ukuba zenze unxibelelwano lusebenzisa inkonzo.
Ukusebenza kwe-intanethi kwenziwa ngenxa yokuba kukho imigangatho evulekileyo enakho ukuseka unxibelelwano lothungelwano olwahlukeneyo, ngendlela yokuba umntu akwazi ukusebenzisa le nkonzo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, kuba isekwe kusetyenziso yamacandelo athile, ukuba ulwazi kubalulekile ukwazi isebenza njani i-intanethi
isibulali
Yinto ebonakalayo evumela ukusebenza kwe-intanethi, kuba ijongana nokusekwa konxibelelwano, ukuze izixhobo zohlulwe kwi indlela echanekileyo, njengala manqaku alandelayo:
- Amanqaku okugqibela: Oku kuziswa kwimeko yeeselfowuni, iikhompyuter kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikuvumela ukuba ungene kwi-intanethi.
- Iiseva: Oomatshini abanoxanduva lokugcina lonke ulwazi olunokufumaneka kwi-intanethi.
- Imigca yokuhambisa: Banokuboniswa ngeentambo, kunye neempawu ezingenazingcingo ezisebenza kwizixhobo eziphathwayo, iisathelayithi kunye nabanye.
Ukuba ufumene iposti yethu inomdla, siyakumema ukuba ufunde inqaku lethu elichaza konke malunga Ungayithatha njani i-Intanethi ukusuka komnye umgangatho ukuya komnye nawo onke amanyathelo kunye nezixhobo eziyimfuneko ekuphumezeni inkqubo yolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi.
Iiprotokholi
Kwimeko yeeprotokholi, yimithetho okanye amanqaku ekufuneka oomatshini bathobele ukuze balandele iinjongo zabo, ezivumela unxibelelwano phakathi kwabo ukuba lubekho ngokusebenzisa inkonzo ye-intanethi.
Iindidi zenkqubo
Ukuhanjiswa kunokuqhutywa ziiprothokholi ezihlangatyezwayo yinkonzo ye-intanethi, ithiwe thaca ngendlela evumela ulawulo lonxibelelwano olwahlukileyo, ngokwenqanaba labo ukuze kwenziwe ugqithiso lwedatha kwi-intanethi.
Phakathi kwazo kukho i-TCP evumela unxibelelwano phakathi kweekhompyuter ezimbini ngolwazi lwedilesi ye-IP, ebavumela ukuba bakhangele kwaye bafumane inethiwekhi ngendlela enkulu, kuba nganye yeedilesi inokukhangelwa kwi isikhangeli, iinkcukacha ngenkqubo ethile kamva.
Luhamba njani ulwazi kwi-Intanethi?
Ukusetyenziswa kwesikhangeli kuhambelana isebenza njani i-intanethiUkusukela xa usongeza idilesi yewebhu kule seva inxibelelana nekhompyuter, kwaye ulawula ukwenza inkqubo yokuhambisa ulwazi ukuseka i-ISP, engumboneleli wesevisi ye-intanethi, ophetheyo ukuhambisa esi sicelo senziwe ukufumana Isizinda njengoko kukhangelwe, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-DNS.
Esi sicelo sidlula kule nkqubo ukuya ngqo kwiseva yewebhu, ekufuneka ikhuphe impendulo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeephakeji, kunye nemiba ethile yewebhusayithi ehambelana nolwazi oluya kuboniswa kwikhompyuter, yinkqubo ebonakala inde, kodwa yenzeka kwii-microseconds, ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba awuqapheli isebenza njani i-intanethi
Le yinkqubo efunekayo ukuze ulwazi luhambe ngenkonzo ye-intanethi, ngenxa yezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zokhetho zenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi kwaye ezifuna ukuhanjiswa kolwazi ukuseka unxibelelwano lunokusebenza.
Inethiwekhi elula
Ukuqhagamshela inethiwekhi kuboniswa njengendawo ebalulekileyo malunga isebenza njani i-intanethiKule meko, xa ufuna ukuseka unxibelelwano phakathi kweekhompyuter ezimbini, kuyafuneka ukuba uzidibanise, ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokwasemzimbeni ngokusebenzisa i Intambo ye-Ethernet, okanye ngeendlela ezingenazingcingo, ezinokuba njalo I-Wi-fi o ibluetooth, kuba ezi ngoku ziinxibelelwano ezenziwe.
Ukusekwa kolu nxibelelwano, kubalulekile ukuba nesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-router, eya kuthi ivumele ukutshintshwa kwedatha nganye eboniswe ziikhompyuter kwaye inokufikelela kwindawo yayo, kubandakanya nokwabelana ngenkonzo ye-intanethi, njengendawo efanelekileyo ye isebenza njani i-intanethi kwiikhompyuter, kwaye oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iikhompyuter ezimbini zinokunxibelelana ngombulelo kuyo.
Inethiwekhi yothungelwano
Kule meko, unxibelelwano phakathi kweekhompyuter ezingaphezulu kwesibini kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-router engaphezulu kwesinye, eyenza ukuba amawaka eekhompyuter akwazi ukuseka unxibelelwano, kuba iikhompyuter zinokunxibelelana nee-routers kwaye emva koko nganye imizila Abasebenzi kufuneka banxibelelane nabanye.
Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zinokudityaniswa luhlobo oluthile lweziseko zophuhliso, eziba yinkonzo ye-intanethi, ngalo mzuzu bathumela umyalezo kwinethiwekhi abafuna ukuyidibanisa, kuyakufuneka ukuba basebenze ngumboneleli we-intanethi. Kuba ezi zezona zibonelela ngokubakho kokufumana iirouters, ngohlobo lokuba ukudluliselwa kwedatha kwiikhompyuter kunxibelelaniswe kunokwenzeka.
Le yindlela apho kunokudluliselwa phakathi konxibelelwano lohlobo lwe-ISP, olubonakaliswa ngokuseka unxibelelwano olufikelela kwiinjongo zazo ngendlela efanelekileyo ngaphandle kwengxaki.
Izibonelelo
Inqaku elibalulekileyo malunga isebenza njani i-intanethi, yinto yokuba i-intanethi ifuna iziseko zophuhliso ezikhethekileyo kunye nokusebenza okugcweleyo nokusisigxina, ngenxa yokuba isebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwaye inika ukusebenza okuvulekileyo, okukuvumela ukuba isebenze ngendlela elawulwayo nezenzekelayo, ibonise ukusebenza ngokukuko okunokuphucula. rhoqo.
Ngathi
Njengoko kubonisiwe ngasentla, yazi isebenza njani i-intanethi Ifuna ukuthathela ingqalelo inkonzo nganye enikayo kwaye esetyenziswa rhoqo ngabasebenzisi, kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Amaphepha ewebhu lelinye lamaxwebhu anokufumaneka kwi-intanethi, anikezela ngexabiso lolwazi, umxholo wemultimedia, iaudiyo kunye nabanye.
- Imeyile: Yinkonzo yonxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu, abanokuthi ngayo badlulise ulwazi, imifanekiso, iividiyo nokunye okuninzi, ukuze ukwamkelwa kwayo kwenzeke, idilesi ebhekiswe kuyo mayiboniswe.
- Iifayile ze-FTP: Ibonakala ngokuvumela ukuhanjiswa kweefayile ngesantya esiphezulu phakathi kweekhompyuter ezimbini.
Sincoma ukuba ubukele le vidiyo ilandelayo ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-intanethi kwaye isebenza njani: